Speaker
Description
Most studies of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are based on modeling broadband emission produced by particle acceleration and radiative processes in relativistic jets. However, the statistical interpretation of combined multi-wavelength datasets is often hindered by the heterogeneous analysis pipelines used by different instruments. As a result, systematic and cross-instrument calibration uncertainties are frequently neglected, potentially introducing biases in the inferred broadband emission models and the physical interpretation of the observations.
In this work we present a consistent multi-instrument analysis framework based on the open-source Python package Gammapy, originally developed for gamma-ray astronomy but now extended to a much broader range of instruments and data structures. The framework enables forward-folding likelihood analyses, with a possible extension into Bayesian inference territory, of data from optical to gamma rays, spanning 11 orders of magnitude in energy. We also demonstrate the integration of X-ray polarimetry from the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer and three-dimensional spectro-spatial analyses of X-ray observations from Swift–XRT within a unified likelihood framework. We also briefly outline the eROdata framework which integrates 3-dimensional eROSITA X-ray data into Gammapy. These extensions allow the joint treatment of spectral, spatial, temporal, and polarization information from optical, UV, X-ray, and γ-ray observations within a single software package.
We illustrate the capabilities of this approach using various AGN datasets, including multi-wavelength campaigns on the flaring FSRQ OP313, deep IXPE observations of Mrk 501, Swift-XRT observations of the Perseus region. We validate the results against the native analysis tools of the respective instruments, demonstrating the feasibility of a reproducible, open, and statistically consistent framework for multi-wavelength and multi-dimensional analyses, paving the way for future time-domain and population studies of high-energy astrophysical sources.
